Department of Astronomy
Undergraduate Degree Programs
OVERVIEW
Although the study of astronomy has ancient roots, it is now one of the most rapidly developing and exciting subjects in modern science. Astronomy is the study of the Universe and its contents: planets, stars, black holes, galaxies, and quasars. Each of these is a fascinating topic in its own right. But perhaps the greatest achievement of modern astronomy has been to gather them all into a rich and coherent picture, one which depicts the origin and evolution of all things from the Big Bang to the development of living organisms.
Recent advances in astronomy have derived from new technologies that have yielded instruments of unprecedented power: telescopes with 10-meter mirrors, orbiting satellite observatories for all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, deep space missions to sample planetary atmospheres and surfaces, and huge laboratories for detection of elusive cosmic neutrinos and gravity waves.
The excitement and accessibility of astronomy are featured in frequent press coverage of major new discoveries, including in recent years the discovery of planets orbiting other stars, the comet crash onto Jupiter, the discovery of very young galaxies in the distant universe, the possibility of life on Mars, the threat of asteroid collisions with the Earth, and the detection of primeval ripples in the cosmic background radiation. Astronomy draws from, and contributes to, many other subjects: primarily physics but also geology, atmospheric and environmental science, biology, and even philosophy.
The two Astronomy majors programs offer students the opportunity to explore these frontier discoveries while simultaneously developing fundamental analytical and quantitative skills useful in many different post-graduate careers. A total of thirty Astronomy courses are open to majors. The Astronomy major offers a concentration on science in the context of a liberal arts degree for students who do not intend to pursue graduate training in physical science. The Astronomy-Physics major provides more rigorous preparation for graduate work in astronomy, physics, computer science, or related fields.
FACULTY
The University has the largest astronomy department in the Southeastern US. The fifteen faculty members of the department are committed to strong undergraduate teaching as well as to conducting astronomical research. As one of the top fifteen research departments in the country, faculty expertise spans a wide range of subjects from star clusters, to the evolution of our Galaxy, to black holes, to distant galaxies. Active faculty research programs keep classroom teaching up-to-date and are an integral part of tutorial and senior thesis projects. Faculty research is well supported by the National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and other agencies.
STUDENTS
There are typically 15-25 declared majors at a given time. Students get to know each other well and often work together. Close contact with the faculty is part of the learning environment. Many students work one-on-one with faculty in tutorials or senior theses, and this work can be published in major research journals. Students can also work at the University's Observatory or in summer research projects supported by grants. Advanced students can enroll in graduate courses.Most students who complete our Astronomy-Physics degree go on to graduate programs in astronomy or physics, frequently at the best schools in the country. Students who complete the Astronomy degree are well prepared for a wide range of careers. Our graduates are employed by universities, NASA, federal observatories and laboratories, planetariums, and aerospace and computer corporations, or have gone into professions such as medicine, law, the military, business, science writing, and science education.
SPECIAL RESOURCES AND STUDENT RESEARCH
The department is very well equipped to support its students. There is an excellent collection of journals, monographs, catalogs, and atlases in the Astronomy library as well as in the library of the nearby National Radio Astronomy Observatory. We have a wide variety of telescopes available on the Grounds: 6-inch, 8-in, and 10-in aperture instruments as well as the historic 26-in Clark refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. At Fan Mountain Observatory, located 15 miles south of Charlottesville, we have 40-inch and 30-inch reflecting telescopes. All of these are equipped with digital CCD cameras, spectrographs, and other specialized instruments. Two radio telescopes are also available on the Grounds. UVa is one of only three universities in the country to offer undergraduates access to radio astronomy instrumentation.
We offer excellent computing facilities to our students, based on a network of UNIX workstations, all of which run sophisticated data analysis, image processing, and display software.
As soon as a student declares the major, he or she is assigned an account on our computers and has 24 hour access to our library and other facilities.
One of the important features of the majors programs is the opportunity to participate in ASTR 395 tutorials, in which the student studies some area of particular interest to him/her under the individual guidance of a faculty member. Any subject in the area of competence of the faculty can be examined in depth. These tutorials are distinct from ASTR 498, Senior Thesis, although we expect that many students may choose to do thesis research on a problem growing out of a tutorial. ASTR 395 may be repeated once for credit.
As part of tutorials and thesis research, our students regularly work on observations obtained by faculty at leading worldwide facilities, including 4 to 10-m class optical telescopes, the Very Large Array, the Hubble Space Telescope, the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and the 2MASS infrared all-sky survey. Students can also participate with faculty and staff in projects using national supercomputing facilities for theoretical computational simulations. The headquarters of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory is on Grounds, and students can be supervised by NRAO scientists or engineers.
COURSE TITLES IN ASTRONOMY
| Course No. | Titles | Credit hours | Times Offered | Semester |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undergraduate | ||||
| ASTR 121 | Introduction to the Sky and the Solar System | 3 | S | |
| ASTR 124 | Introduction to Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe | 3 | S | |
| ASTR 130 | Introduction to Astronomical Observation | 3 | S | |
| ASTR 174 | Major's Seminar | 3 | Y | Spring |
| ASTR 211, 212 | General Astronomy (for Science Majors) | 3, 3 | Y | Fall, Spring |
| ASTR 313 | Observational Astronomy | 4 | Y | Fall |
| ASTR 314 | Introduction to Observational Radio Astronomy | 3 | Y | Spring |
| ASTR 341 | Archaeo-Astronomy | 3 | Y | Fall |
| ASTR 342 | Life Beyond the Earth | 3 | Y | Spring |
| ASTR 347 | Science and Controversy in Astronomy | 3 | Y | Fall |
| ASTR 348 | Introduction to Cosmology | 3 | Y | Spring |
| ASTR 351 | Planetary Astronomy | 3 | SI | |
| ASTR 395 | Tutorial | 3 | S | |
| ASTR 444 | The Nature of Discovery in Astronomy | 3 | SI | |
| ASTR 451 | Introduction to Astrophysics | 3 | Y | Spring |
| ASTR 498 | Senior Thesis | 3 | S | |
Graduate |
||||
| ASTR 511: | Astronomical Techniques | 3 | O | Fall |
| ASTR 534: | Introductory Radio Astronomy | 3 | E | Fall |
| ASTR 535: | Radio Astronomy Instrumentation | 3 | E | Spring |
| ASTR 539,540: | Topical Seminar | 3 | IR | |
| ASTR 542: | The Interstellar Medium | 3 | E | Spring |
| ASTR 543, 544: | Stellar Astrophysics I, II | 3, 3 | O | Fall, Spring |
| ASTR 545: | High Energy Astrophysics | 3 | E | Fall |
| ASTR 546: | Binary Stars | 3 | SI | |
| ASTR 548: | Evolution of the Universe | 3 | O | Spring |
| ASTR 551: | Galactic Structure and Stellar Populations | 3 | E | Spring |
| ASTR 553: | Extragalactic Astronomy | 3 | O | Spring |
Code:
S - every semester (Fall, Spring)Y - every year (one semester)
O - every other year with Fall semester in odd year
E - every other year with Fall semester in even year
SI - offered upon sufficient student interest
IR - offered irregularly
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
ASTRONOMY MAJOR
The Bachelor of Arts degree in Astronomy, not intended as preparation for graduate study in science, provides a firm grounding in basic astronomy, mathematics, physics, and computer science. A listing of course requirements is given below. A senior thesis is required. This program offers considerable latitude for the student to pursue interests in other subjects and is well suited for inclusion in a double major.
Arts & Sciences Area Requirements:
ENWR 101 (unless excused), 6 hours of humanities, 6 hours of social science, 2 years of language (French, German, or Russian preferred), and the second writing requirement.
The Astronomy Major satisfies the Natural Science & Mathematics requirements.
Lower division courses:
- ASTR 121, 124 or ASTR 211, 212 (ASTR 174 recommended but not required)
- PHYS 151, 152, 251, 252 or PHYS 231, 232
- MATH 121, 122 or MATH 131, 132 (the introductory calculus sequences)
- PHYS 254 (Introduction to scientific programming)
Upper division courses:
- Third year: ASTR 313 and any two other 300-level Astronomy courses (ASTR 395 recommended)
- Fourth year: ASTR 498 and any two other 300-500 level Astronomy courses (ASTR 451 recommended)
Courses recommended for students with stronger interests in mathematics and physics:
- MATH 231: Calculus III (highly recommended)
- MATH 325P: Differential Equations
- COMP SCI 352, 361: Advanced programming techniques
- PHYS 221, 222: Physics laboratory
- PHYS 321: Classical mechanics
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
ASTRONOMY-PHYSICS MAJOR
The Bachelor of Arts degree in Astronomy-Physics is a program offered jointly by the Astronomy and Physics Departments. This major prepares the student for graduate study in astronomy, physics, computer science, and related fields. The curriculum is listed in the tabulation given below. A senior thesis is required.
Prospective Astronomy-Physics Majors are strongly urged to consult with the Astronomy Pre-Majors Advisor during registration week of their first semester at the University.
| Year | Fall Semester | Spring Semester | Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| FIRST | ENWR 101 (if required) MATH 131 Calc. I PHYS 151 Intro. Phys. I LANGUAGE 101 ----------- |
ASTR 174 MATH 132 Calc. II PHYS 152 Intro. Phys. II LANGUAGE 102 ELECTIVE |
4 8 8 8 3 31 |
| SECOND | ASTR 211 General Astro. MATH 231 Calc. III PHYS 251 Intro. Phys. III PHYS 221 Lab. I LANGUAGE 201 |
ASTR 212 General Astro. MATH 325P ODEs PHYS 252 Intro. Phys. IV PHYS 222 Lab. II LANGUAGE 202 |
6 8 8 6 6 34 |
| THIRD | ASTR 313 Observational Astro. MATH 521 Adv. Calc. PHYS 321 Mechanics PHYS 355 Quantum Phys. I ELECTIVE |
ASTR 395 Tutorial MATH 522 PDEs PHYS 254 Sci. Computing PHYS 342 E&M I ELECTIVE |
7 6 6 6 6 31 |
| FOURTH | 300-500 level ASTR PHYS 331 Statistical Physics PHYS 343 E&M II ----------- ELECTIVES (2) |
ASTR 451 Intro Astrophys. (or 300-500 level ASTR) ----------- ASTR 498 Thesis ELECTIVES (3) |
6 3 3 3 15 30 |
| Total hours | 125 | ||
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
"DISTINGUISHED" ASTRONOMY-PHYSICS MAJOR Students must maintain a GPA of 3.4 or better. For the Distinguished Major, students must meet the requirements of the Astronomy-Physics major described above and must also take PHYS 356 and a two-semester Senior Thesis (ASTR 498). The six hours of elective Astronomy courses must consist of ASTR 451 and a 500-level course. This program leads to the award of degrees with Distinction, High Distinction, or Highest Distinction.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
ASTRONOMY MINOR
The Minor Program in Astronomy is intended mainly for students with a strong interest in the subject who do not have the time to commit to the mathematics and physics courses required for the majors programs. Requirements for the Minor can be completed in either of two ways. The student can take:
- Astronomy 121, 124, and 130, and six additional hours chosen from 300 or 400-level courses, OR
- Astronomy 211 and 212 and nine additional hours chosen from 300, 400 or 500-level courses.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
For more information, students who have not yet declared a major, who are transferring, or who are in the Echols Program should contact the Pre-Majors Advisor Mike Skrutskie.
Declared majors should contact the Majors Advisor, Mike Skrutskie,
Minors should contact the Minors Advisor, Bob O’Connell.
For general information, contact the secretary in Department of Astronomy, Astronomy Building, PO Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325; voice: (434) 924-7494; FAX: (434) 924-3104; email: dept@mail.astro.virginia.edu .
Much of the above information can also be found in the Undergraduate Record listing for Astronomy.
